System der
Lebewesen (Stefan Hintsche
2013)
Übersichtsbaum
Lepidosauria > Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae
Familia Phrynosomatidae Fitzinger, 1843 (Familie Stachelleguane):
- 141 Arten
Genus Callisaurus Blainville, 1835
(Gattung Zebraschwanzleguane):
- 1 Art
Genus Cophosaurus Troschel, 1852
(Gattung Große Taubleguane):
- 1 Art
Genus Holbrookia Girard, 1851 (Gattung
Kleine Taubleguane):
- 4 Arten
Genus Petrosaurus Boulenger, 1885
(Gattung Kalifornische Felsenleguane):
- 3 Arten
Genus Phrynosoma Wiegmann, 1828 (Gattung
Krötenechsen):
- 17 Arten
Genus Sceloporus Wiegmann, 1828
(Gattung Zaunleguane):
- 91 Arten
Genus Uma Baird,
1859 (Gattung
Fransenzehenleguane):
- 6 Arten
Genus Urusaurus Hallowell,
1854 (Gattung Baumleguane):
- 9 Arten
Genus Uta Baird
& Girard, 1852 (Gattung
Seitenfleckleguane):
- 9 Arten
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Callisaurus
Genus Callisaurus Blainville, 1835
(Gattung Zebraschwanzleguane):
- 1 Art
Callisaurus
draconoides Blainville, 1835 (Zebraschwanzleguan/Zebra-tailed Lizard):
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Cophosaurus
Genus Cophosaurus Troschel, 1852
(Gattung Große Taubleguane):
- 1 Art
Cophosaurus
texanus Troschel, 1852 (Großer Taubleguan/Greater Earless Lizard):
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Holbrookia
Genus Holbrookia Girard, 1851 (Gattung
Kleine Taubleguane):
- 4 Arten
Holbrookia elegans Bocourt, 1874 (Zierlicher Taubleguan/Elegant
Earless Lizard):
Holbrookia lacerata Cope, 1880 (Punktschwanz-Taubleguan/Spot-tailed
Earless Lizard):
Holbrookia maculata Girard, 1851 (Gefleckter Taubleguan/Lesser
Earless Lizard):
Holbrookia propinqua Baird & Girard, 1852 (Gekielter Taubleguan/Keeled Earless
Lizard):
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Petrosaurus
Genus Petrosaurus Boulenger, 1885
(Gattung Kalifornische Felsenleguane):
- 3 Arten
Petrosaurus
mearnsi (Stejneger, 1894) (Gebänderter Felsenleguan/Banded Rock
Lizard):
Petrosaurus
repens (van Denburgh, 1895) (Baja-Felsenleguan/Baja Rock Lizard):
Petrosaurus
thalassinus (Cope, 1863) (Blauer Felsenleguan/Blue Rock Lizard):
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Phrynosoma
Genus Phrynosoma Wiegmann, 1828
(Gattung Krötenechsen):
- 17 Arten
Phrynosoma asio Cope, 1864 (Riesenkrötenechse/Giant Horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma blainvillii Gray, 1839 (San-Diego-Krötenechse/San
Diego Horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma braconnieri Duméril & Bocourt, 1870 (Kurzschwanz-Krötenechse/Short-tailed
Horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma cerroense Stejneger, 1893 (Cedros-Krötenechse/Cedros Island
Horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma cornutum (Harlan, 1824) (Texas-Krötenechse/Texas Horned
Lizard):
Phrynosoma coronatum (Blainville, 1835) (Kronen-Krötenechse/Coast Horned
Lizard):
Phrynosoma ditmarsi Stejneger, 1906 (Felsenkrötenechse/Ditmars’ Horned
Lizard):
Phrynosoma douglassii (Bell, 1828) (Nördliche Kurzhorn-Krötenechse/Common
Short-horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma goodei Stejneger, 1893 (Sonora-Krötenechse/Sonoran Horned
Lizard):
Phrynosoma
hernandesi Girard, 1858 (Große Kurzhorn-Krötenechse/Greater
Short-horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma mcallii (Hallowell, 1852) (Plattschwanz-Krötenechse/Flattail
Horned Lizard)
Phrynosoma modestum Girard, 1852 (Rundschwanz-Krötenechse/Roundtail
Horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma orbiculare (Gmelin, 1789) (Mexikanische
Kurzhorn-Krötenechse/Mexican Plateau Horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma platyrhinos Girard, 1852 (Wüsten-Krötenechse/Desert
Horned Lizard):
Phrynosoma solare Gray, 1845 (Königskrötenechse/Regal Horned
Lizard):
Phrynosoma taurus Dugès, 1873 (Guerrero-Krötenechse/Mexican Horned
Lizard):
Phrynosoma wigginsi Montanucci, 2004 (Golf-Krötenechse/Gulf Coast Horned
Lizard):
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Sceloporus
Genus Sceloporus Wiegmann, 1828 (Gattung
Zaunleguane):
- 91 Arten
Sceloporus acanthinus Bocourt,
1873 (Bocourt-Stachelleguan/Bocourt’s Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus adleri Smith &
Savitzky, 1974 (Adler-Stachelleguan/Adler’s Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus aeneus Wiegmann, 1828 (Schwarzbauch-Stachelleguan/Southern Bunchgrass Lizard):
Sceloporus anahuacus Lara-Góngora,
1983 (Anahuac-Stachelleguan/Anahuacan Bunchgrass
Lizard):
Sceloporus angustus (Dickerson,
1919) (Santa-Cruz-Stachelleguan/Santa Cruz Spiny
Lizard):
Sceloporus arenicolus Degenhardt
& Jones, 1972 (Dünen-Stachelleguan/Sand Dune
Lizard):
Sceloporus asper Boulenger,
1897 (Rauer Stachelleguan/Rough Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus aureolus Smith, 1942 (Spalten-Stachelleguan/Southern Crevice Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus bicanthalis Smith, 1937 (Vulkan-Stachelleguan/Trans Volcanic Bunchgrass Lizard):
Sceloporus bimaculosus Phelan &
Brattstrom, 1955 (Zweifleck-Stachelleguan/Twin-spotted
Lizard)
Sceloporus bulleri Boulenger,
1894 (Buller-Stachelleguan/Buller’s Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus caeruleus Smith, 1936 (Blauer Schmuckstachelleguan/Blue Ornate Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus carinatus Smith, 1936 (Gekielter Stachelleguan/Keeled Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus cautus Smith, 1938 (Zacatecas-Stachelleguan/Shy Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus chaneyi Liner &
Dixon, 1992 (Chaney-Stachelleguan/Chaney’s Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus chrysostictus Cope, 1866 (Gelbgepunkteter Stachelleguan/Yellow-spotted Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus clarkii Baird &
Girard, 1852 (Clark-Stachelleguan/Clark’s Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus consobrinus Baird &
Girard, 1853 (Prärie-Zaunleguan/Central Fence Lizard)
Sceloporus couchii Baird, 1859 (Couch-Stachelleguan/Couch’s Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus cowlesi Lowe &
Norris, 1956 (Südwestlicher Stachelleguan/Southwestern Fence
Lizard):
Sceloporus cozumelae Jones, 1927 (Cozumel-Stachelleguan/Cozumel Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus cryptus Smith &
Lynch, 1967 (Sierra-Juarez-Stachelleguan/Sierra Juarez
Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus cupreus Bocourt,
1873 (Langschwanz-Stachelleguan/Upland Long-tailed
Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus cyanogenys Cope, 1885 (Blauer Stachelleguan/Blue Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus druckercolini Pérez-Ramos & Saldana de la Riva, 2008
Sceloporus dugesii Bocourt, 1873 (Duges-Stachelleguan/Duges’ Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus edwardtaylori Smith, 1936
Sceloporus exsul Dixon,
Ketchersid & Lieb, 1972
Sceloporus formosus Wiegmann, 1834 (Südmexikanischer Stachelleguan/Mexican Emerald Lizard):
Sceloporus gadoviae Boulenger, 1905
Sceloporus goldmani Smith, 1937 (Goldman-Stachelleguan/Goldman’s Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus graciosus Baird & Girard, 1852 (Beifuß-Stachelleguan/Sagebrush
Lizard):
Sceloporus grammicus Wiegmann, 1828 (Mesquite-Stachelleguan/Mesquite
Lizard):
Sceloporus grandaevus (Dickerson, 1919)
Sceloporus heterolepis Boulenger, 1894
Sceloporus horridus Wiegmann, 1834
Sceloporus hunsakeri Hall & Smith, 1979
Sceloporus insignis Webb, 1967
Sceloporus internasalis Smith & Bumzahem, 1955
Sceloporus jalapae Günther, 1890
Sceloporus jarrovii Cope, 1875 (Jarrov-Zaunleguan):
Sceloporus lemosespinali Lara-Góngora, 2004
Sceloporus licki van Denburgh, 1895
Sceloporus lineatulus Dickerson,
1919
Sceloporus lunae Bocourt,
1873
Sceloporus lundelli Smith, 1939
Sceloporus macdougalli Smith &
Bumzahem, 1953
Sceloporus maculosus Smith, 1934
Sceloporus magister HalloweLL,
1854 (Wüsten-Stachelleguan/Desert Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus malachiticus Cope, 1864 (Malachit-Stachelleguan/Green Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus megalepidurus Smith, 1934
Sceloporus melanorhinus Bocourt, 1876
Sceloporus merriami Stejneger,
1904 (Canyon-Stachelleguan/Canyon Lizard):
Sceloporus minor Cope, 1885
Sceloporus monserratensis van Denburgh
& Slevin, 1921
Sceloporus mucronatus Cope, 1885 (Veracruz-Stachelleguan):
Sceloporus nelsoni Cochran, 1923
Sceloporus occidentalis Baird &
Girard, 1852 (Westlicher Stachelleguan/Western Fence
Lizard):
Sceloporus ochoterenae Smith, 1934
Sceloporus olivaceus Smith, 1934 (Texas-Stachelleguan/Texas Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus omiltemanus Günther,
1890
Sceloporus orcutti Stejneger,
1893 (Granit-Zaunleguan/Granite Spiny Lizard):
Sceloporus ornatus Baird, 1859
Sceloporus palaciosi Lara-Góngora, 1983
Sceloporus parvus Smith, 1934
Sceloporus poinsettii Baird &
Girard, 1852 (Mexikanischer Stachelleguan/Crevice Spiny
Lizard):
Sceloporus pyrocephalus Cope, 1864
Sceloporus rufidorsum Yarrow, 1882
Sceloporus salvini Günther,
1890
Sceloporus samcolemani Smith &
Hall, 1974
Sceloporus scalaris Wiegmann,
1828
Sceloporus serrifer Cope, 1866 (Yucatán-Stachelleguan/Yucatán Spiny
Lizard):
Sceloporus siniferus Cope, 1870
Sceloporus slevini Smith, 1937
Sceloporus smaragdinus Bocourt, 1873
Sceloporus smithi Hartweg & Oliver, 1937
Sceloporus spinosus Wiegmann, 1828 (Gemeiner Stachelleguan):
Sceloporus squamosus Bocourt,
1874
Sceloporus stejnegeri Smith, 1942
Sceloporus subniger Poglayen
& Smith, 1958
Sceloporus subpictus Lynch &
Smith, 1965
Sceloporus taeniocnemis Cope, 1885 (Smaragdgrüner
Stachelleguan):
Sceloporus tanneri Smith & Larsen, 1975
Sceloporus teapensis Günther,
1890
Sceloporus torquatus Wiegmann,
1828
Sceloporus undulatus (Bosc &
Daudin, 1801) (Östlicher Zaunleguan/Eastern Fence Lizard):
Sceloporus utiformis Cope, 1864
Sceloporus variabilis Wiegmann,
1834 (Rosabauch-Stachelleguan/Rosebelly Lizard):
Sceloporus virgatus Smith, 1938
Sceloporus woodi Stejneger,
1918 (Florida-Stachelleguan/Florida Fence Lizard):
Sceloporus zosteromus Cope, 1863
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Uma
Genus Uma Baird,
1859 (Gattung
Fransenzehenleguane):
- 6 Arten
Uma exsul Schmidt & Bogert, 1947 (Coahuila-Fransenzehenleguan/Coahuila
Fringe-toed Lizard):
Uma inornata Cope, 1895 (Coachella-Fransenzehenleguan/Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard):
Uma notata Baird, 1858 (Colorado-Fransenzehenleguan/Colorado Desert
Fringe-toed Lizard):
Uma paraphygas Williams, Chrapliwy & Smith, 1959 (Mexiko-Fransenzehenleguan/Mexican
Fringe-toed Lizard):
Uma rufopunctata Cope, 1895 (Sonora-Fransenzehenleguan/Sonoran
Fring-toed Lizard):
Uma scoparia Cope, 1894 (Mojave-Fransenzehenleguan/Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard):
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Urusaurus
Genus Urusaurus Hallowell,
1854 (Gattung Neuwelt-Baumleguane):
- 9 Arten
Urosaurus auriculatus (Cope, 1871) (Socorro-Baumleguan/Socorro Island
Tree Lizard):
Urosaurus bicarinatus (Duméril, 1856) (Tropischer Baumleguan/Tropical Tree
Lizard):
Urosaurus clarionensis (Townsend, 1890) (Clarion-Baumleguan/Clarion
Island Tree Lizard):
Urosaurus gadovi (Schmidt, 1921) (Gadow-Baumleguan/Gadow’s Tree
Lizard):
Urosaurus graciosus Hallowell, 1854 (Dickicht-Baumleguan/Common Brush
Lizard):
Urosaurus irregularis (Fischer, 1881) (Mexikanischer Baumleguan/Mexican
Brush Lizard):
Urosaurus lahtelai Rau & Loomis, 1977 (Niederkalifornischer
Baumleguan/Baja California Brush Lizard):
Urosaurus nigricaudus (Cope, 1864) (Schwarzschwenz-Baumleguan/Small-scaled
Tree Lizard):
Urosaurus ornatus (Baird & Girard, 1852) (Schmuck-Baumleguna/Common Tree
Lizard):
Squamata > Bifuracta > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Iguania > Pleurodonta > Phrynosomatidae > Uta
Genus Uta Baird
& Girard, 1852 (Gattung
Seitenfleckleguane):
- 9 Arten
Uta concinna Dickerson, 1919 (Dickerson-Seitenfleckleguan/Dickerson’s
Side-blotched Lizard):
Uta encantadae Grismer, 1994 (Encantada-Seitenfleckleguan/Enchanted
Side-blotched Lizard):
Uta lowei Grismer, 1994 (Lowe-Seitenfleckleguan/El Muerto Side-blotched
Lizard):
Uta nolascensis van Denburgh & Slevin, 1921 (Nolasco-Seitenfleckleguan/San Pedro
Nolasco Side-blotched Lizard):
Uta palmeri Stejneger, 1890 (Martir-Seitenfleckleguan/San Pedro Martir
Side-blotched Lizard):
Uta squamata Dickerson, 1919 (Santa-Catalina-Seitenfleckleguan/Santa
Catalina Side-blotched Lizard):
Uta stansburiana Baird & Girard, 1852 (Gemeiner Seitenfleckleguan/Common
Side-blotched Lizard):
Uta
stejnegeri Schmidt, 1921 (Östlicher Seitenfleckleguan/Eastern
Side-blotched Lizard):
Uta
tumidarostra Grismer, 1994 (Dicknasen-Seitenfleckleguan/Swollen-nosed
Side-blotched Lizard):
Referenzen:
1) Blankers,
T., Townsend, T. M., Pepe, K., Reeder, T. W. & Wiens, J. J. (2013). Contrasting global-scale
evolutionary radiations: phylogeny, diversification, and morphological
evolution in the major clades of iguanian lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 108 (1): 127-143.
2) Fry, B. G.,
Vidal, N., Norman, J. A., Vonk, J., Scheib, H., Ramjan, S. F. R., Kuruppu, S.,
Fung, K., Hedges, S. B., Richardson, M. K., Hodgson, W. C., Ignjatovic, V.,
Summerhayes, R. & Kochva, E. (2006). Early evolution of the venom system in lizards and snakes. Nature 439: 584-588.
3) Hedges, S.
B. & Vidal, N.
(2009). Lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians (Squamata). In: Hedges, S. B. &
Kumar, S. (Hrsg.): The Timetree of Life.
Oxford University Press, UK: pp. 383-389.
4) Hugall, A.
F., Foster, R. & Lee, M. S. Y. (2007). Calibration choice, rate smoothing, and the pattern of tetrapod
diversification according to the long nuclear gene RAG-1. Systematic Biology 56
(4): 543-563.
5) Kumazawa, Y. (2007). Mitochondrial genomes from
major lizard families suggest their phylogenetic relationships and ancient
radiations. Gene 388 (1-2): 19-26.
6) Townsend, T.
M., Larson, A., Louis, E. & Macey, J. R. (2004). Molecular phylogenetics of Squamata:
the position of snakes, amphisbaenians, and dibamids, and the root of the
Squamate tree. Systematic Biology 53 (5): 735-757.
7) Vidal, N.
& Hedges, S. B.
(2005). The phylogeny of squamate reptiles (lizards, snakes and amphisbaenians)
inferred from nine nuclear protein-coding genes. Comptes Rendus Biologies 328
(10-11): 1000-1008.
8) Wiens, J.
J., Kuczynski, C. A., Townsend, T., Reeder, T. W., Mulcahy, D. G. & Sites,
J. W. (2010). Combining
phylogenomics and fossils in higher-lever squamate reptile phylogeny: molecular
data change the placement of fossil taxa. Systematic
Biology 59 (6): 674-688.